Appellant filed a complaint requesting injunctive relief, alleging that the action of the school authorities and the statutes upon which their action was based were unconstitutional and deprived him of the equal protection of the laws. 0000003722 00000 n A three-judge federal trial court determined that officials in Oklahoma had a constitutional duty to provide the plaintiff with the education he wanted as soon as they offered the same to students of any other race. Forego a bottle of soda and donate its cost to us for the information you just learned, and feel good about helping to make it available to everyone. While McLaurin argued that the University of Oklahoma was violating the equal protection clause under the 14th Amendment, the university argued that they were not violating McLaurin's rights. 1161, 3 A.L.R.2d 441. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 87 F. Supp. 455. Pursuant to a requirement of state law, 70 Okla. Stat. (1950) McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents. WebMcLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637 (1950) McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education. It is said that the separations imposed by the State in this case are in form merely nominal. 528. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents | Study.com This appeal followed. HWs* 2zjZm,Bk*y"_qc B*>.bjK\Tzk.7EWk9#@3F/]3w=# La\V&om76 BU@*F2Lb DMkLuyY)<8,!os2W 7$'X0AOq k U0k trailer <]>> startxref 0 %%EOF 22 0 obj<>stream McLaurin returned to the U.S. District court and petitioned to require the University of Oklahoma to remove the separate facilities allowing him to interact with the other students fully (87 F. Supp. 526, that the State had a constitutional duty to provide him with the education he sought as soon as it provided that education for applicants of any other group. Pp. BlackPast.org is a 501(c)(3) non-profit and our EIN is 26-1625373. Marian W. Perry and Franklin H. Williams were also of counsel. The Fourteenth Amendment provides equal protection for citizens under the law. But they signify that the State, in administering the facilities it affords for professional and graduate study, sets McLaurin apart from the other students. his ability to study, to engage in discussions and exchange views with other students, and, in general, to learn his profession." McLaurin appealed to the United States Supreme Court on the basis that he was being denied equal protection under the 14th Amendment. 1149 *637 **852 His opinion for the court in 1947 upheld the power of the federal courts to enjoin a strike in coal mines then under control of the federal government. Subscribe Now. WebMcLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education , legal case in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled unanimously (90), on June 5, 1950, that racial segregation within the facilities and institutions of colleges and universities is inconsistent For some time, the section of the classroom in which appellant sat was surrounded by a rail on which there was a sign stating, Reserved For Colored, but these have been removed. Dictionary of American Family Names Patrick Hanks 2003, 2006. McLaurin successfully sued in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma to gain admission to the institution (87 F. Supp. OF CORRECTIONS 2020 OK CIV APP 42 Case Number: 118004 Decided: 02/21/2020 Mandate Issued: 07/29/2020 DIVISION III THE 851, present different aspects of this general question: To what extent does the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment limit the power of a state to distinguish between students of different races in professional and graduate education in a state university? basing his argument on the Fourteenth Amendment. . In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents [ 339 U.S. 637, 70 S.Ct. All Rights Reserved. The experience needed for a good education could not be accomplished by physically separating McLaurin from his peers, and it disallowed him from working on many types of projects that involved one or more students, as well as participating in a discussion of any kind. On January 28, 1948, a retired black professor, George McLaurin, applied to the University of Oklahoma to pursue a Doctorate in Education. 1149], the Court, in requiring that a Negro admitted to a white graduate school be treated like all other students, again resorted to intangible considerations: his ability to study, to engage in discussions and exchange views with other students, and, in general, to learn his profession. WebIn 1948, George McLaurin applied to the University of Oklahoma's master's degree program in education. 0000007159 00000 n It is vital that students have the opportunity to learn from all of their other peers. Users agree not to download, copy, modify, sell, lease, rent, reprint, or otherwise distribute these materials, or to link to these materials on another web site, without authorization of the Oklahoma Historical Society. MR. CHIEF JUSTICE VINSON delivered the opinion of the Court. 339 U. S. 638-642. The case began when the University of Oklahoma denied George W. McLaurin admission to its graduate program in education, citing the segregation statute, which made it a misdemeanor to operate a school in which both blacks and whites were taught. These restrictions were obviously imposed in order to comply, as nearly as could be, with the statutory requirements of Oklahoma. With them on the brief were Thurgood [339 U.S. 637, 638] Marshall and Frank D. Reeves. To read more about the impact of McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents click here. Segregated basis is defined as "classroom instruction given in separate classrooms, or at separate times." (b) That appellant may still be set apart by his fellow students and may be in no better position when these restrictions are removed is irrelevant, for there is a constitutional difference between restrictions imposed by the State which prohibit the intellectual commingling of students and the refusal of students to commingle where the State presents no such bar. The Civil Rights Movement Begins Age 12 The civil rights movement was a movement to enforce constitutional and legal rights for African Americans that the other Americans enjoyed. Upon suit filed by the applicant, the university tried to set up a separate facility for African-American law students. That court held that such treatment did not violate the provisions of the Fourteenth Amendment and denied the motion. These factors are elemental to robust education. Robert L. Carter and Amos T. Hall argued the cause for appellant. Appellant, having been admitted to a state-supported graduate school, must receive the same treatment at the hands of the state as students of other races. WebMcLAURIN v. OKLAHOMA STATE REGENTS FOR HIGHER EDUCATION et al. The Supreme Court reversed the decision of the United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma.[1][2]. African American History: Research Guides & Websites, Global African History: Research Guides & Websites, African American Scientists and Technicians of the Manhattan Project, Envoys, Diplomatic Ministers, & Ambassadors, Foundation, Organization, and Corporate Supporters. McLaurin then appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court. 851 [ 94 L.Ed. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. P. 642. Although the court declared that the statute allowing officials to deny the student admission to the program was null and void, it refused to grant his request for an injunction, assuming that officials would follow the constitutional mandate in its order. WebBoard of Regents of the University of Oklahoma, 332 U.S. 631; cf. Photo by Joe Ravi (CC-BY-SA 3.0) Appellant, a The federal court in Oklahoma City also stated that the purpose of the Constitution was not to abolish the differences between races. Discover the ruling of this important court case of 1950. McLAURIN v. OKLAHOMA STATE REGENTS FOR HIGHER EDUCATION et al. Please select which sections you would like to print: Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. In apparent conformity with the amendment, his admission was made subject to 'such rules and regulations as to segregation as the President of the University shall consider to afford Mr. G. W. McLaurin substantially equal educational opportunities as are afforded to other persons seeking the same education in the Graduate College,' a condition which does not appear to have been withdrawn. 0000001774 00000 n We decide only this issue; see Sweatt v. Painter, ante, p. 629. (1950) 455, 456, 457. McLaurin v. Oklahoma was one of the cases that helped to overturn Plessy v. Ferguson. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, an important case leading up to the U.S. Supreme Court's 1954 decision in Brown v. Board of Education, struck down the Oklahoma statute that mandated segregation in education. Held: The conditions under which appellant is required to receive his education deprive him of his personal and present right to the equal protection of the laws; and the Fourteenth Amendment precludes such differences in treatment by the State based upon race. The case concerned a Black student who was treated differently than white students after being admitted to the graduate school at the University of Oklahoma. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents | Case Brief, Summary The amendment provided, however, that in such cases the program of instruction 'shall be given at such colleges or institutions of higher education upon a segregated basis. Argued April 3-4, 1950. This we think irrelevant. On the assumption, however, that the State would follow the constitutional mandate, the court refused to grant the injunction, retaining jurisdiction of the cause with full power to issue any necessary and proper orders to secure McLaurin the equal protection of the laws. Pp. 29hQbwy3Lp v 836, 842, 92 L.Ed. These restrictions were obviously imposed in order to comply, as nearly as could be, with the statutory requirements of Oklahoma. Do you find this information helpful? For some time, the section of the classroom in which appellant sat was surrounded by a rail on which there was a sign stating, "Reserved For Colored," but these have been removed. 526 (W.D. In 1948, McLaurin applied for admission to the doctoral program in the College of Education, directly challenging the states current segregation laws. McLaurin uses the same classroom, library and cafeteria as students of other races; there is no indication that the seats to which he is assigned in these rooms have any disadvantage of location. Our society grows increasingly complex, and our need for trained leaders increases correspondingly. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents is a case that was decided on June 5, 1950, by the United States Supreme Court holding that a state cannot treat a student differently on the basis of race. In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637, 640, 70 S.Ct. P. 339 U. S. 642. - 339 U.S. 637, 70 S. Ct. 851 (1950) Rule: Where conditions exist where a student of color is required to receive his Gaines v. Canada, 1938, 305 U.S. 337, 59 S.Ct. 638-642. The Court concluded that the conditions under which appellant were required to receive his education deprived him of his personal and present rights to the equal protection of the laws. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents helped to abolish this policy, specifically in colleges and universities. Supreme Court 339 U.S. 637 70 S.Ct. '1 Appellant was thereupon admitted to the University of Oklahoma Graduate School. It further held that to the extent the Oklahoma statutes denied him admission they were unconstitutional and void. 0000000836 00000 n The judgment below is reversed, p. 642. Their own education and development will necessarily suffer to the extent that his training is unequal to that of his classmates. His application was rejected because state law prohibited black McLaurin v. Oklahoma ( 1950 WebThe school districts appealed, claiming that the federal courts did not have jurisdiction over education, but the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals ultimately upheld McCormicks decision on April 14, 1947, ruling that the schools actions violated California law. Held: the conditions under which appellant is required to receive his education deprive him of his personal and present right to the equal protection of the laws, and the Fourteenth Amendment precludes such differences in treatment by the State based upon race. 0000071802 00000 n This page was last edited on 18 March 2023, at 15:55. P. 339 U. S. 641. Citing our decisions in Missouri ex rel. At that time, his application was denied, solely because of his race. WebCanada, 305 U.S. 337 ; Sipuel v. Oklahoma, 332 U.S. 631 ; Sweatt v. Painter, 339 U.S. 629 ; McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637 . 1149, it was ruled that a state may not after having admitted a Negro student to graduate instruction in its state university afford him different treatment from other students solely because of his race. McLaurin All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. 1149 (1950), the petitioner, who was black, was admitted to the state's formerly white only graduate school, but was compelled to sit in a "colored only" row in the classroom, a "colored only" table in the library and a "colored only" table for meals in the cafeteria. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents - YouTube WebMcLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents is a case that was decided on June 5, 1950, by the United States Supreme Court holding that a state cannot treat a student differently on the basis of race. On the assumption, however, that the State would follow the constitutional mandate, the court refused to grant the injunction, retaining jurisdiction of the cause with full power to issue any necessary and proper orders to secure McLaurin the equal protection of the laws. Appellant, a Negro citizen of Oklahoma possessing a master's degree, was admitted to the Graduate School of the state-supported University of Oklahoma as a candidate for a doctorate in education and was permitted to use the same classroom, library and cafeteria as white students. Pp. The individual filed a complaint on the grounds that his right to equal protection had been violated by the school's actions. U.S. Supreme Court Cases: Study Guide & Review, Johnson v. Eisentrager: Case Brief & Summary, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, Ruling of McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents. 87 F. Supp. WebIn McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, supra, the Court, in requiring that a Negro admitted to a white graduate school be treated like all other students, again resorted to intangible considerations: ". Pursuant to a requirement of state law that the instruction of Negroes in institutions of higher education be upon a segregated basis, however, he was assigned to a seat in the classroom in a row specified for Negro students, was assigned to a special table in the library, and, although permitted to eat in the cafeteria at the same time as other students, was assigned to a special table there. Therefore, the Court ruled that higher institutions such as colleges and universities were prohibited from practicing segregation, as it violated equal protection in an educational setting. By segregating him, he was unable to engage in discussions and share his viewpoints, and these restrictions made it difficult to work and learn. Get free summaries of new US Supreme Court opinions delivered to your inbox! The Supreme Court reasoned that, under the Fourteenth Amendments equal protection clause, state officials had the legal duty to treat the plaintiff in the same manner as students of other races. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637, 640 (1950). The amendment provided, however, that in such cases the program of instruction shall be given at such colleges or institutions of higher education upon a segregated basis [1]. The U.S. Supreme Court heard McLaurin's appeal in April 1950 and in June unanimously reversed the lower court. Dist.) McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education, 339 U.S. 637. McLaurin argued that due to this treatment, he was being deprived of his rights under the 14 Amendment. In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637, 70 S.Ct. In fact, as the court noted, the restrictions were designed to comply with the state statute that had required officials in institutions of higher education to treat students differently based on their races. 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